Solution: Using Snell's law, we can calculate the refraction coefficient: $K_r = \frac{\cos{\theta_1}}{\cos{\theta_2}} = \frac{\cos{30}}{\cos{45}} = 0.816$.

4.1 : A wave with a wavelength of 50 m is incident on a vertical wall. What is the reflection coefficient?

Solution: The reflection coefficient for a vertical wall is: $K_r = -1$.

Solution: A water wave is a surface wave that travels through the ocean, caused by wind friction, while a tsunami is a series of ocean waves with extremely long wavelengths, caused by displacement of a large volume of water.